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08.04.2020
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Am glad, in fact overwhelmed. First thing, I didn't know there is a book on yayati. Second, I didn't know it's written on yayati himself. It could be possible that the author might have choosen the name for fancy, he's not. That's why they say, do. Jan 27, 2018 Indian armyPanipat pdf in marathi DOWNLOAD!. Panipat book in marathi pdf By Vishwas Patil Author.Free. Panipat by vishwas patil pdf in marathi But I can't recommend gy as a media player right now since it still has some catching up to do in almost all departments. Panipat (Marathi) Paperback Books. By Vishwas Patil. 1 Buyer Reviews.
| Author | V. S. Khandekar |
|---|---|
| Original title | ययाति |
| Translator | Y. P. Kulkarni |
| Country | India |
| Language | Marathi |
| Genre | Mythological novel |
| Set in | Ancient India |
Publication date | 1959 |
| 1978 | |
| Awards |
|
| OCLC | 10703252 |
Yayati is a 1959 Marathi language mythological novel by Indian writer V. S. Khandekar. One of Khandekar's best-known works, it retells the story of the mythicalHindu king, Yayati, from the Hindu epic Mahabharata. The novel is narrated through multiple narrators, and asks several questions relating to the nature of morality. Scholars analyzed the book for its depiction of hero, Yayati, as a representative of modern man. Accepted as classic of Marathi literature, it won several awards including the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1960 and the Jnanapith Award in 1974.
Background[edit]
In his preface to Yayati, Khandekar states that he was drawn to the original story from the Mahabharata at multiple levels, and for many reasons.[1] The resulting novel is a modern retelling of the story of the mythological Hindu king, who enjoyed all the pleasures of the flesh for a millennium only to realize how empty of meaning was his pursuit of desire.[2]
Khandekar saw modernity, with its materialistic values, as an elephant on the rampage through the delicate garden of traditional virtues and feelings, blurring the distinction between good and evil, between selfishness and compassion, and blinding people to the evils of the world. In response, Khandekar looked to the past and chose the story of Yayati, making use of a kind of tale often dismissed as the fairy stories of old women to describe the vacuousness and futility of contemporary society's endless obsession with avarice and lust. Where Khandekar's previous writing had focussed predominantly on style and imagination, in Yayati these concerns are integrated into a form of social realism the author had little explored until this point.[2]
The story is taken from the Yayatopakhyan (lit. The Story of Yayati), a sub-narrative in the The Book of the Beginning (Adi Parva) of the Mahabharata. Khandekar builds the original material into a full-length novel, adding several new episodes and developing the narrative as a love story with a theme of morality.[3] In so doing, Khandekar brings new relevance and meaning to the story in the context of modern life.[4] For Khandekar, this novel represented the common man, who 'in spite of varied happiness is always discontented and restless, and is blindly running after new pleasures'.[5]
Characters[edit]
The novel's main characters are:[5]
- Yayati – King of Hastinapur; married Devayani, daughter of Shukracharya, and her maid Sharmishtha
- Nahusha – King of Hastinapur; father of Yati and Yayati
- Yati – Elder brother of Yayati, who became an ascetic
- Devayani – Daughter of Shukracharya, wife of Yayati, and mother of Yadu
- Sharmishtha – Daughter of Asura king Vrishaparva, and mother of Puru; childhood friend of Devayani
- Puru – Illegitimate child of Yayati and Sharmishtha
- Kacha – Friend of Yayati; Devayani's love; like a brother to Sharmishtha
- Angiras – A sage, by whose blessings Yati and Yayati were born
- Shukracharya – Preceptor of the Asuras, and father of Devayani
- Vrishaparva – King of the Asuras, and father of Sharmishtha
While most of the novel's characters appear in the Mahabharata, Khandekar created several new characters. These include Mukulika and Mandar.[5]
Plot[edit]
The novel has three narrators: Yayati, Devayani, and Sharmishtha.[4][6] Each section of the story is narrated in the first person, from the point of view of narrator.[3][4] The novel's characters generally use language that is romantic, ornamental and poetic.[5]
Yayati centres round the life of its eponymous hero, Yayati, the king of Hastinapur. Disillusionment characterizes Yayati's early life. His faith in motherly love is shattered when he learns that his mother weaned him for fear of losing her beauty. Later, he experiences cruelty and passion that challenge his manhood. He then has a fleeting experience of carnal love.[5]
When Yayati has to leave the security of the palace for AshvamedhaYajna (a horse sacrifice ritual in Hindu tradition), he meets his elder brother, Yati, who has become an ascetic and abandoned all material pleasures. After this he meets Kacha, and sees in him the model of a happy, peaceful life. But Yayati is traumatized when his father, Nahusha, dies, and for the first time he realizes the destructive power of death. He is gripped by fear and helplessness. In this state of mind, he comes into contact with Mukulika, a maidservant in the palace. Yayati's attempts to bury his grief in carnal pleasure constitute a critical period in his life. Later, he meets Alaka and experiences sisterly love. But Alaka ultimately falls a prey to the Queen Mother's cruelty. Precisely at this time, Yayati learns of a curse that foretold that his father, and his father's children, would never be happy.[5]
The second part of the narrative recounts Yayati's married life. We learn of Devayani's love for Kacha, and of his quiet but firm refusal. Devayani decides to take revenge on Kacha by making advances to Yayati, and ultimately succeeds in marrying him. Sharmishtha, originally a princess, is now living with Devayani as her maidservant. At this time, she comes into contact with Yayati. Where Devayani is unable to establish any rapport with Yayati, Sharmishtha finds union with him both in body and mind. This union begets a son, and for a period Yayati knows happiness. But, one stormy night, Sharmishtha runs away from Hastinapur. Yayati now suffers both estrangement from Devayani and the loss of Sharmishtha. The resulting vacuum in his life hastens him along a path of moral degradation.[5]
Over an 18-year period, Yayati neglects his royal duties and leads a life of pleasure, with women like Madhavi and Taraka. Even when Hastinapur is attacked by the enemies, Yayati continues to neglect his duties out of anger with Devayani and pursuit of a hedonistic lifestyle. His son Yadu is imprisoned. Puru, Yayati's younger son, secures Puru's release. Then Devayani's father, Shukracharya, seeing his daughter's unhappy marriage and Yayati's degradation, puts the curse of old age on Yayati.[5]
When Yayati finds himself suddenly old, his unfulfilled desires disturbs him. He requests his sons to lend him their youth. His son Puru comes to his help and lends Yayati his youth. However, Puru and Sharmishtha's undemanding love for Yayati help him realize his mistakes, and within a few minutes of accepting Puru's youth, he resolves to return it.[1] Devayani also undergoes a change of heart. At the end, Yayati hands over the reigns of government to Puru with all the blessings and seeks retirement to forest-life with Devayani and Sharmishtha. Yayati's journey from attachment to detachment thus ends here.[5]
Deviations from the Mahabharata[edit]
Khandekar has made some significant deviations in the novel from the original story of Mahabharata.[1]
The first significant deviation occurs in the episode of the death of Yayati's father, Nahusha. In The Mahabharata, Nahusha is cursed by the Rishis (sages) to live on earth in the form of a serpent. After suffering for a long period in this fate, he eventually meets Pandava king Yudhishthira, who free him from the curse. In the novel, Nahusha is shown dying in his palace, desperately clinging to life. He pleads to his wife and son to give him a few hours of their own lives so that he may live a little longer. He fears death for he still has unfulfilled desires. Nahusha's helpless struggle with death leaves a lasting sense of insecurity on his son's mind and affects his whole life.[1]
In the original story of Mahabharata, Yayati enjoys his son Puru's youth for a thousand years, then returns the youth to his son, and lives for a long time, with sages in the Himalayas, and is finally taken up in Heaven. While in the novel, Yayati can return the youth of his son only at the cost of his life. He decides to return it immediately after a few minutes of accepting Puru's youth, and he is saved from death by Kacha using Sanjeevani Mantra.[1]
Analysis[edit]
The major characters in this narrative has been seen exemplifying major attitudes to life. Yayati represents an attitude of material pleasure-seeking. Devayani shows excessive involvement in power and pride. Sharmishtha stands for undemanding, selfless love while Kacha symbolizes a clean, moral and moderate enjoyment of life with a sense of well-being of the human race. Yati, rejecting of all material pleasures, is presented as counterpoint to Yayati.[5]
The novel ask several moral questions — How does one define the fulfillment of life?, How can one separate the boundaries between morality and immorality?, What is the ultimate place of the pursuit of material pleasure in the context of spiritual values?[5][7]
Free download sony vegas 5.0 keygen. Sony Vagas 5.0 with Keygen Full Version Sony Vegas 5 Video Editing Software was developed by Sony Pictures, which acquired Sonic Foundry – the original manufacturer of the Vegas software lineAwesome AudioSony Vegas 5 features a powerful set of audio tools, which allow the user to mix audio in a multitrack environment on an unlimited.
Reception[edit]
Yayati is one of Khandekar's best-known works,[8] and has been described as one of the greatest works in Marathi literature.[9] The novel has won several awards, including the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1960, the Jnanapith Award in 1974, and the State Government Award in 1960.[4]
Yayati was translated into English in abridged form by Y. P. Kulkarni as Yayati : A Classic Tale of Lust (1978). The Malayalam translation, by P. Madhavan Pillai, was serialized in the Malayalam weekly Mathrubhumi in 1980, and published in book form the same year.[10]
References[edit]
- ^ abcdeGupta, Santosh (September–October 1982). ''Yayati': The Myth and Its Interpretation'. Indian Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. 25 (5): 150–157. ISSN0019-5804. JSTOR23331119.
- ^ abKhandekar, V. S. (1977). 'Yayati and the Modern Man (Bharatiya Jnanpith Award acceptance speech)'. Maharashtra, a Profile: Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar Felicitation Volume. V. S. Khandekar Amrit Mahotsava Satkar Samiti. pp. 582–583. OCLC4858191.
- ^ abPai, Leena P. (2005). 'Chapter III - Selection and Deviation'. A Passage Through the Mahabharata Re-tellings : Study of Some Contemporary Novels (PhD thesis). New Delhi: School of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University. pp. 100–102. hdl:10603/17256.
- ^ abcdMohan Lal (1992). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. pp. 4635–4636. ISBN978-81-260-1221-3.
- ^ abcdefghijkInamdar-Sane, Rekha (1997). 'Yayati'. In George, K. M. (ed.). Masterpieces of Indian literature. New Delhi: National Book Trust. p. 930–932. ISBN978-81-237-1978-8.
- ^Thorat, Harishchandra (January–February 2005). 'The 'Mahabharata' and the Marathi Novel: Textual Strategies'. Indian Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. 49 (1): 132. ISSN0019-5804. JSTOR23346582.
- ^Satchidanandan, K. (November–December 2000). 'Reflection: Yayati, Yet Again'. Indian Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. 44 (6): 10. ISSN0019-5804. JSTOR23343302.
- ^'Jnanpith Award to Marathi Writer, V. S. Khandekar'. Indian and Foreign Review. New Delhi: Publications Division of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 13 (1): 8. 1975. OCLC1752828.
- ^Das, Sisir Kumar (2006). History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, Struggle for Freedom : Triumph and Tragedy. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 140. ISBN81-7201-798-7.
- ^Chandran, Mini (2016). 'Into Bhasha and English: Comparative Study of Bhasha and English Translation in India'. Comparative Literature Studies. Penn State University Press. 53 (2): 370. doi:10.5325/complitstudies.53.2.0359 – via Project MUSE.
External links[edit]
- Yayati (novel) at Google Books (English translation)
- Yayati (novel) at the Internet Archive
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yayati_(novel)&oldid=954441952'
- Author: admin
- Category: Category
Am glad, in fact overwhelmed. First thing, I didn't know there is a book on yayati. Second, I didn't know it's written on yayati himself. It could be possible that the author might have choosen the name for fancy, he's not. That's why they say, do. Jan 27, 2018 Indian armyPanipat pdf in marathi DOWNLOAD!. Panipat book in marathi pdf By Vishwas Patil Author.Free. Panipat by vishwas patil pdf in marathi But I can't recommend gy as a media player right now since it still has some catching up to do in almost all departments. Panipat (Marathi) Paperback Books. By Vishwas Patil. 1 Buyer Reviews.
| Author | V. S. Khandekar |
|---|---|
| Original title | ययाति |
| Translator | Y. P. Kulkarni |
| Country | India |
| Language | Marathi |
| Genre | Mythological novel |
| Set in | Ancient India |
Publication date | 1959 |
| 1978 | |
| Awards |
|
| OCLC | 10703252 |
Yayati is a 1959 Marathi language mythological novel by Indian writer V. S. Khandekar. One of Khandekar's best-known works, it retells the story of the mythicalHindu king, Yayati, from the Hindu epic Mahabharata. The novel is narrated through multiple narrators, and asks several questions relating to the nature of morality. Scholars analyzed the book for its depiction of hero, Yayati, as a representative of modern man. Accepted as classic of Marathi literature, it won several awards including the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1960 and the Jnanapith Award in 1974.
Background[edit]
In his preface to Yayati, Khandekar states that he was drawn to the original story from the Mahabharata at multiple levels, and for many reasons.[1] The resulting novel is a modern retelling of the story of the mythological Hindu king, who enjoyed all the pleasures of the flesh for a millennium only to realize how empty of meaning was his pursuit of desire.[2]
Khandekar saw modernity, with its materialistic values, as an elephant on the rampage through the delicate garden of traditional virtues and feelings, blurring the distinction between good and evil, between selfishness and compassion, and blinding people to the evils of the world. In response, Khandekar looked to the past and chose the story of Yayati, making use of a kind of tale often dismissed as the fairy stories of old women to describe the vacuousness and futility of contemporary society's endless obsession with avarice and lust. Where Khandekar's previous writing had focussed predominantly on style and imagination, in Yayati these concerns are integrated into a form of social realism the author had little explored until this point.[2]
The story is taken from the Yayatopakhyan (lit. The Story of Yayati), a sub-narrative in the The Book of the Beginning (Adi Parva) of the Mahabharata. Khandekar builds the original material into a full-length novel, adding several new episodes and developing the narrative as a love story with a theme of morality.[3] In so doing, Khandekar brings new relevance and meaning to the story in the context of modern life.[4] For Khandekar, this novel represented the common man, who 'in spite of varied happiness is always discontented and restless, and is blindly running after new pleasures'.[5]
Characters[edit]
The novel's main characters are:[5]
- Yayati – King of Hastinapur; married Devayani, daughter of Shukracharya, and her maid Sharmishtha
- Nahusha – King of Hastinapur; father of Yati and Yayati
- Yati – Elder brother of Yayati, who became an ascetic
- Devayani – Daughter of Shukracharya, wife of Yayati, and mother of Yadu
- Sharmishtha – Daughter of Asura king Vrishaparva, and mother of Puru; childhood friend of Devayani
- Puru – Illegitimate child of Yayati and Sharmishtha
- Kacha – Friend of Yayati; Devayani's love; like a brother to Sharmishtha
- Angiras – A sage, by whose blessings Yati and Yayati were born
- Shukracharya – Preceptor of the Asuras, and father of Devayani
- Vrishaparva – King of the Asuras, and father of Sharmishtha
While most of the novel's characters appear in the Mahabharata, Khandekar created several new characters. These include Mukulika and Mandar.[5]
Plot[edit]
The novel has three narrators: Yayati, Devayani, and Sharmishtha.[4][6] Each section of the story is narrated in the first person, from the point of view of narrator.[3][4] The novel's characters generally use language that is romantic, ornamental and poetic.[5]
Yayati centres round the life of its eponymous hero, Yayati, the king of Hastinapur. Disillusionment characterizes Yayati's early life. His faith in motherly love is shattered when he learns that his mother weaned him for fear of losing her beauty. Later, he experiences cruelty and passion that challenge his manhood. He then has a fleeting experience of carnal love.[5]
When Yayati has to leave the security of the palace for AshvamedhaYajna (a horse sacrifice ritual in Hindu tradition), he meets his elder brother, Yati, who has become an ascetic and abandoned all material pleasures. After this he meets Kacha, and sees in him the model of a happy, peaceful life. But Yayati is traumatized when his father, Nahusha, dies, and for the first time he realizes the destructive power of death. He is gripped by fear and helplessness. In this state of mind, he comes into contact with Mukulika, a maidservant in the palace. Yayati's attempts to bury his grief in carnal pleasure constitute a critical period in his life. Later, he meets Alaka and experiences sisterly love. But Alaka ultimately falls a prey to the Queen Mother's cruelty. Precisely at this time, Yayati learns of a curse that foretold that his father, and his father's children, would never be happy.[5]
The second part of the narrative recounts Yayati's married life. We learn of Devayani's love for Kacha, and of his quiet but firm refusal. Devayani decides to take revenge on Kacha by making advances to Yayati, and ultimately succeeds in marrying him. Sharmishtha, originally a princess, is now living with Devayani as her maidservant. At this time, she comes into contact with Yayati. Where Devayani is unable to establish any rapport with Yayati, Sharmishtha finds union with him both in body and mind. This union begets a son, and for a period Yayati knows happiness. But, one stormy night, Sharmishtha runs away from Hastinapur. Yayati now suffers both estrangement from Devayani and the loss of Sharmishtha. The resulting vacuum in his life hastens him along a path of moral degradation.[5]
Over an 18-year period, Yayati neglects his royal duties and leads a life of pleasure, with women like Madhavi and Taraka. Even when Hastinapur is attacked by the enemies, Yayati continues to neglect his duties out of anger with Devayani and pursuit of a hedonistic lifestyle. His son Yadu is imprisoned. Puru, Yayati's younger son, secures Puru's release. Then Devayani's father, Shukracharya, seeing his daughter's unhappy marriage and Yayati's degradation, puts the curse of old age on Yayati.[5]
When Yayati finds himself suddenly old, his unfulfilled desires disturbs him. He requests his sons to lend him their youth. His son Puru comes to his help and lends Yayati his youth. However, Puru and Sharmishtha's undemanding love for Yayati help him realize his mistakes, and within a few minutes of accepting Puru's youth, he resolves to return it.[1] Devayani also undergoes a change of heart. At the end, Yayati hands over the reigns of government to Puru with all the blessings and seeks retirement to forest-life with Devayani and Sharmishtha. Yayati's journey from attachment to detachment thus ends here.[5]
Deviations from the Mahabharata[edit]
Khandekar has made some significant deviations in the novel from the original story of Mahabharata.[1]
The first significant deviation occurs in the episode of the death of Yayati's father, Nahusha. In The Mahabharata, Nahusha is cursed by the Rishis (sages) to live on earth in the form of a serpent. After suffering for a long period in this fate, he eventually meets Pandava king Yudhishthira, who free him from the curse. In the novel, Nahusha is shown dying in his palace, desperately clinging to life. He pleads to his wife and son to give him a few hours of their own lives so that he may live a little longer. He fears death for he still has unfulfilled desires. Nahusha's helpless struggle with death leaves a lasting sense of insecurity on his son's mind and affects his whole life.[1]
In the original story of Mahabharata, Yayati enjoys his son Puru's youth for a thousand years, then returns the youth to his son, and lives for a long time, with sages in the Himalayas, and is finally taken up in Heaven. While in the novel, Yayati can return the youth of his son only at the cost of his life. He decides to return it immediately after a few minutes of accepting Puru's youth, and he is saved from death by Kacha using Sanjeevani Mantra.[1]
Analysis[edit]
The major characters in this narrative has been seen exemplifying major attitudes to life. Yayati represents an attitude of material pleasure-seeking. Devayani shows excessive involvement in power and pride. Sharmishtha stands for undemanding, selfless love while Kacha symbolizes a clean, moral and moderate enjoyment of life with a sense of well-being of the human race. Yati, rejecting of all material pleasures, is presented as counterpoint to Yayati.[5]
The novel ask several moral questions — How does one define the fulfillment of life?, How can one separate the boundaries between morality and immorality?, What is the ultimate place of the pursuit of material pleasure in the context of spiritual values?[5][7]
Free download sony vegas 5.0 keygen. Sony Vagas 5.0 with Keygen Full Version Sony Vegas 5 Video Editing Software was developed by Sony Pictures, which acquired Sonic Foundry – the original manufacturer of the Vegas software lineAwesome AudioSony Vegas 5 features a powerful set of audio tools, which allow the user to mix audio in a multitrack environment on an unlimited.
Reception[edit]
Yayati is one of Khandekar's best-known works,[8] and has been described as one of the greatest works in Marathi literature.[9] The novel has won several awards, including the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1960, the Jnanapith Award in 1974, and the State Government Award in 1960.[4]
Yayati was translated into English in abridged form by Y. P. Kulkarni as Yayati : A Classic Tale of Lust (1978). The Malayalam translation, by P. Madhavan Pillai, was serialized in the Malayalam weekly Mathrubhumi in 1980, and published in book form the same year.[10]
References[edit]
- ^ abcdeGupta, Santosh (September–October 1982). ''Yayati': The Myth and Its Interpretation'. Indian Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. 25 (5): 150–157. ISSN0019-5804. JSTOR23331119.
- ^ abKhandekar, V. S. (1977). 'Yayati and the Modern Man (Bharatiya Jnanpith Award acceptance speech)'. Maharashtra, a Profile: Vishnu Sakharam Khandekar Felicitation Volume. V. S. Khandekar Amrit Mahotsava Satkar Samiti. pp. 582–583. OCLC4858191.
- ^ abPai, Leena P. (2005). 'Chapter III - Selection and Deviation'. A Passage Through the Mahabharata Re-tellings : Study of Some Contemporary Novels (PhD thesis). New Delhi: School of Language, Literature and Culture Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University. pp. 100–102. hdl:10603/17256.
- ^ abcdMohan Lal (1992). Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. pp. 4635–4636. ISBN978-81-260-1221-3.
- ^ abcdefghijkInamdar-Sane, Rekha (1997). 'Yayati'. In George, K. M. (ed.). Masterpieces of Indian literature. New Delhi: National Book Trust. p. 930–932. ISBN978-81-237-1978-8.
- ^Thorat, Harishchandra (January–February 2005). 'The 'Mahabharata' and the Marathi Novel: Textual Strategies'. Indian Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. 49 (1): 132. ISSN0019-5804. JSTOR23346582.
- ^Satchidanandan, K. (November–December 2000). 'Reflection: Yayati, Yet Again'. Indian Literature. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. 44 (6): 10. ISSN0019-5804. JSTOR23343302.
- ^'Jnanpith Award to Marathi Writer, V. S. Khandekar'. Indian and Foreign Review. New Delhi: Publications Division of the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. 13 (1): 8. 1975. OCLC1752828.
- ^Das, Sisir Kumar (2006). History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, Struggle for Freedom : Triumph and Tragedy. New Delhi: Sahitya Akademi. p. 140. ISBN81-7201-798-7.
- ^Chandran, Mini (2016). 'Into Bhasha and English: Comparative Study of Bhasha and English Translation in India'. Comparative Literature Studies. Penn State University Press. 53 (2): 370. doi:10.5325/complitstudies.53.2.0359 – via Project MUSE.
External links[edit]
- Yayati (novel) at Google Books (English translation)
- Yayati (novel) at the Internet Archive
Retrieved from 'https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yayati_(novel)&oldid=954441952'
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